常言道：“七月初七，牛郎會織女”。這天是七夕節，中國的傳統佳節。在過去，七夕節活動豐富多彩，尤其是少女少婦們更是開心快樂。這一天，也叫女兒節，一听就知是女孩子的節日。而且，這天據說還是織女的誕辰，很多女孩子都會向織女祈求手工技巧和美滿姻緣。
我們來看看七夕節乞巧、賽巧等為主的傳統習俗吧！我是暢談生活點滴，一起暢談吧。
喜蛛應巧
喜蛛應巧是應用蜘蛛進行預測的一種形式，是非常有意思的乞巧活動。
基本操作方法：
在七月七日這天，把小蜘蛛放到盒子裡面，讓小蜘蛛在盒子裡生活一天，等到第二天時，也就是七月初八，再觀察盒子裡面情況。
通常，人們以蜘蛛網密多的情況，為巧多；以蜘蛛網稀者，為巧少。也有的以觀察蜘蛛網的有無和蜘蛛網是不是圓正為巧，但後來人們按照疏密來驗巧，是不是特別有意思！
穿針乞巧
這是非常早的遊藝活動，深受姑娘們喜愛，也正好展現自己才華的大好手機，更是大顯身手之時。
基本操作方法：
過去，姑娘們準備好七彩線和七孔針，待準備妥當，時間一到，開始比賽，也就是“賽巧”。看誰穿得最快，誰就第一，叫贏巧，也就是說，穿得越快乞到的巧越多；如果穿針引線比較慢，那就是輸了，被人們稱為“輸巧”，愿賭服輸，還要奉上小禮物哦。
在過去，人們是織衣縫製，離不開穿針引線。也是效仿織女的技巧，學習織女的才能。當然，更是在七夕節祭拜織女，祈求賜巧和賜予姻緣之舉，而舉行的有意義的遊戲，希望心靈手巧，婚姻美滿。
對月穿針
“對月穿針”，這個難度相對比較大，大家想一想，七月初七如果夜空晴朗，但月亮也是彎彎，光線昏暗，不是十分明亮，穿針引線有一定難度。
基本操作方法：
人們在家中院落，先擺上桌子，放上瓜果酒菜，祭拜牛郎和織女星二星，希望賜巧，接著進行穿針引線。姑娘們對著月亮，拿起五色線，開始穿針，凡是能穿過去的，就是巧手，謂之心靈手巧。然後，大家歡歌笑語，吃飯飲酒，唱歌跳舞，通宵達旦。
可以想像，難度還是比較大的，據五代王仁裕《開元天寶遺事》中記載：“七夕，陳以瓜果酒炙，祀牛女二星，以九孔針五色線向月穿之，過者為得巧之侯。”
投針驗巧
除了上面的祈求技巧活動和習俗外，還有一項習俗，那就是投針驗巧，這也是七夕節的傳統習俗，在過去也比較流行。
基本操作方法：
方法比較多，通常，在七月初六，準備一盆水，放在院子裡露天過夜，到了七月初七再曬一天，盆裡的水錶面就會形成一層薄膜。這時候，可以拿一繡花針放在上面，看水底針影，如果形狀各異，優美漂亮，謂乞得巧；如果針影粗如錘、細如絲、直如線，這就是拙，不是巧手。
這項活動，起源於穿針引線，但是又不同於穿針，在明清兩代比較盛行。是不是很有意思！你是不是也想試試，其實也不簡單哦。
蘭夜鬥巧
農曆七月，過去稱為“蘭月”，而七夕這天晚上，又被人們稱之為蘭夜。蘭夜鬥巧就是這個時候進行。
基本操作方法
據記載，這項遊藝活動起源於漢朝的宮廷遊戲。在七月七日這天，宮娥彩女們一起到閉襟樓上學習，練習穿七巧針，準備七夕夜進行乞巧活動。
其中，有個宮女把菱藕雕刻成各種花鳥魚虫等等形狀，奉獻給皇上，皇上非常開心，就把這些手工藝品放到桌角上，然後，讓宮女們摸黑尋找，這就叫作“蘭夜鬥巧”，
大家看到了吧！ “蘭夜鬥巧”就像捉迷藏一樣，是一項遊戲活動，看看誰能找到，誰就得巧，大家玩得非常開心，不亦樂乎。
看到了吧！七夕節的乞巧活動豐富多彩，是姑娘們祈求技巧的遊藝活動，也是希望織女賜予婚姻，美滿幸福。
老話說：“七月七，織女哭”，到了農曆七月七日，牛郎會織女，兩人相見，難免眼淚汪汪，淚如雨下，而且這天還會出現降雨，傳說是織女的眼淚。當然，在七夕節這天，活動豐富多彩，尤其是在過去，人們還有的祭拜織女、感恩老牛、食七夕果、曬書晾書、洗頭沐浴等等傳統，習俗多多，喜聞樂見。
As the saying goes: “On the seventh day of July, the Cowherd meets the Weaver Girl.” Today is the Chinese Valentine’s Day, a traditional Chinese festival. In the past, Qixi Festival activities were rich and colorful, especially for girls and young women. This day is also called Daughter’s Day, and you know it is a festival for girls. Moreover, it is said that this day is also the birthday of the Weaver Girl, and many girls will pray to the Weaver Girl for their craft skills and a happy marriage.
Let’s take a look at the traditional customs of Qixi Festival such as begging for skill and competing for skill! I am talking about my daily life, let’s talk about it together.
Happy spider should be clever
Spider Yingqiu is a form of using spiders to make predictions. It is a very interesting begging activity.
Basic operation method:
On July 7th, put the little spider into the box and let the little spider live in the box for a day. Wait until the next day, which is the eighth day of July, to observe the situation inside the box.
Usually, people regard the situation with dense spider webs as having many tricks; those with sparse spider webs as having few tricks. Some people thought it was a coincidence to observe the presence or absence of spider webs and whether the spider webs were round or straight, but later people tested the coincidence according to the density. Isn’t it particularly interesting?
Threading a needle and begging for skill
This is a very early entertainment activity, which is very popular among girls. It is also a good mobile phone to show off your talents, and it is also the time to show off your talents.
Basic operation method:
In the past, girls prepared colorful threads and seven-hole needles. When the preparations were complete, when the time came, they would start the competition, which was also called “Sai Qiao”. Whoever threads the thread the fastest will be ranked first, which is called winning tricks. That is to say, the faster the thread is threaded, the more tricks you can get; if the threading is slower, you lose, and it is called “losing tricks”. If you are willing to admit defeat, you will also be given a small gift.
In the past, people knitted and sewed clothes and could not do without needles and threads. It is also to imitate the skills of the Weaver Girl and learn the talents of the Weaver Girl. Of course, meaningful games are held during the Chinese Valentine’s Day to worship the Weaver Girl and pray for luck and good luck in marriage, hoping for dexterity and a happy marriage.
needle to the moon
“Threading a needle to the moon” is relatively difficult. Think about it, if the night sky is clear on the seventh day of July, but the moon is also curved and the light is dim and not very bright, it will be difficult to thread a needle.
Basic operation method:
In the courtyard of their home, people first set the table with fruits, wine and dishes, worship the Cowherd and the Vega stars, hoping for good luck, and then go about sewing. The girls faced the moon, picked up the five-colored thread, and began to thread the needle. Anyone who could thread the needle had a skillful hand, which was called dexterity. Then, everyone laughed, ate, drank, sang and danced all night long.
As you can imagine, the difficulty is still relatively high. According to Wang Renyu of the Five Dynasties, “The Legacy of Kaiyuan Tianbao” records: “On Qixi Festival, Chen uses melons and fruits to bake in wine, worships the two stars of the Cow and the Girl, and uses a nine-hole needle and a five-color thread to pass through it. The Marquis of Good Fortune.”
Test your skill by throwing a needle
In addition to the above praying skills activities and customs, there is another custom, which is to test one’s skill by throwing a needle. This is also a traditional custom of Qixi Festival and was quite popular in the past.
Basic operation method:
There are many methods. Usually, on the sixth day of July, prepare a basin of water and leave it in the yard in the open air overnight. On the seventh day of July, it will be exposed to the sun for another day, and a thin film will form on the surface of the water in the basin. At this time, you can put an embroidery needle on it and look at the needle shadow under the water. If the shapes are different and graceful, it is said to be skillful; if the needle shadow is as thick as a hammer, as thin as silk, and as straight as a thread, it is clumsy, not Skillful.
This activity originated from needle threading, but it is different from needle threading. It was more popular in the Ming and Qing dynasties. Isn’t it interesting! Do you also want to try it? It’s actually not easy.
Lan Ye Dou Qiao
The seventh month of the lunar calendar used to be called “Lan Moon”, and the night of Chinese Valentine’s Day is also called Lan Night. Lanye’s fight for skill was carried out at this time.
Basic operation method
According to records, this entertainment activity originated from the palace games of the Han Dynasty. On July 7th, the colorful ladies of the palace go to the Guanjin Tower to study together, practice threading the Qiqiao needle, and prepare for the Qixi Festival night begging activity.
Among them, a palace maid carved lotus roots into various shapes of flowers, birds, fish, insects, etc., and presented them to the emperor. The emperor was very happy, so he put these handicrafts on the corner of the table, and then asked the palace maids to search for them in the dark. This is called “Lanye fights for skill”,
Everyone has seen it! “Lanye Douqiu” is a game activity like hide and seek. Whoever can find it will get the trick. Everyone is having a great time.
See it! The begging activities of Qixi Festival are rich and colorful. It is a recreational activity for girls to pray for skills and to hope that the Weaver Girl will give them a happy marriage.
There is an old saying: “On the seventh day of the seventh lunar month, the Weaver Girl cries.” On the seventh day of the seventh lunar month, the Cowherd meets the Weaver Girl. When the two meet, they inevitably burst into tears, and there will be rain on this day. Legend has it that the Weaver Girl’s tears. Of course, there are many colorful activities on the Qixi Festival. Especially in the past, people also had traditions such as worshiping the Weaver Girl, giving thanks to the old cow, eating Qixi fruits, drying books, washing hair and bathing, etc. There are many customs that are very popular.
沒有留言:
張貼留言